The Outsiders Essay Free Essays

The Outsiders Critical Lens Essay The statement being referred to is â€Å"All great is bound to be crushed. †Ã‚ The quote means,â for each great guy,â there is a trouble maker. For each hero,â there is a miscreant. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Outsiders Essay or then again any comparative theme just for you Request Now Each and every individual who has ever attempted to accomplish something great has been bound to be halted. The statement not just represents literature,â but for everything. In the event that you look from now, right back to antiquated occasions, you will see instances of this in numerous works of writing. The book The Outsiders is a decent portrayal of the statement. I concur with the statement â€Å"All great is bound to be defeated†. I can’t think about any great that hasn’t had an endeavor to be halted. In the story The Outsiders there are numerous instances of good being crushed. At the point when Johnny went into a consuming structure to spare children, he wound up getting slaughtered. When Darry was attempting to give Ponyboy a superior life, he wound up driving him to flee. When Ponyboy endeavored to warm up to Cherry and Marsha, he was hopped by their sweethearts. These are only a couple of models from the story. I feel that the story The Outsiders truly exhibited the statement â€Å"All great is bound to be crushed. † It was an account of how carefree greasers went to relentless executioners after a pack of socs keep on assaulting them with savagery. The story develops to a peak, where there are many nail gnawing things are occurring all the while. Johnny executes Cherry’s beau Bob, The greasers are getting ready for a major thunder with the socs, and Ponyboy and Johnny flee The most effective method to refer to The Outsiders Essay, Essays

Market research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Statistical surveying - Essay Example One of the simpler techniques for new item advancement is brand expansions. In 1980, the organization propelled cornflakes in the UK advertise. Floated by its immense achievement, it has been routinely growing this market through the procedure of brand augmentations. Crunchy Nut groups propelled in 2003 was trailed by Crunchy Nut Bites which hit the market in 2008. Every one of these brands have been tremendously fruitful for Kellogg’s. This paper follows the example of overcoming adversity of Kellogg’s. It traces the significance of advertising research, accommodates a study on the four-phase look into process at the organization and furthermore presents the striking discoveries from showcasing research embraced for the Crunchy Nut Bites and the new Coco Pops brand. 2.0 Introduction Kellogg’s is a world chief in the oat advertise. With almost 500 fruitful brands in its portfolio, it has confidence in a tyrannical market nearness through the immeasurably signific ant technique of advancement supplemented by showcasing clout. Genuinely, a transnational organization, it has fabricating offices in 18 nations which empowers it to cook, far and wide, to more than 180 nations, all around. Kellogg’s presented Crunchy Nut Cornflakes in the UK advertise in 1980. Throughout the following two decades, this brand produced tremendous deals of around ?68 million. In 2003, Crunchy Nut Clusters, an item augmentation, was propelled in two assortments †Milk Chocolate Curls and Honey and Nut. This methodology was profoundly effective as it empowered Kellogg’s to earn yearly incomes of ?21 million. Riding on this achievement, in 2008, Crunchy Nut Bites, showed up in the market. Accomplishing a record of almost ?7 million in its absolute first year of full deals, the most current dispatch was likewise a significant hit. The most basic factor in the accomplishment of Kellogg’s new item activity is its intricate, promoting research. Resea rch is, unfailingly, attempted for each and every progression of the path directly from thought age to advertise commercialization. Essential just as Secondary research is done. The two types of research, in particular, subjective and quantitative research is given due significance. A one of a kind four-phase approach initiating with disclosure and driving onto choice of the best item thought, is trailed by changing the thought into a total new item and finishes up with a conjecture of deals for the new item. This thorough research system has stood the organization is generally excellent stead, throughout the years. It empowers it to keep up consistent communication with the most significant partner of any association, regardless of structure, nature and size, the buyer. This shopper advertiser cooperation and interface empowers Kellogg’s to routinely tap the consumer’s beat and recognize their needs and needs. This method of shopper strengthening converts into solid p urchaser promotion of the Kellogg’s brand and goes past consumer loyalty prompting buyer enchant. Subsequently, shopper maintenance becomes simpler and new client fascination is additionally encouraged through item advancements and other showcasing endeavors. In long stretches of diminished statistical surveying spending (Quelch 2009), its dependence and weight on the need and adequacy of promoting research, has prepared for a supported upper hand (Porter 1965), for Kellogg’s. 3.0 Contents Innovation alludes to creation or presentation of something new. In spite of the fact that development and imagination is utilized equivalently, advancement is more prominent than

Success Vs Ambition :: essays research papers fc

The two books, which were perused, exhibited excellent subtleties of the ISU subjects from which we should pick. The Hunt for Red October, by Tom Clancey, and Fatal Terrain, by Dale Brown were the two books being perused and dissected. These two books are fundamentally the same as in topic. Despite the fact that the entirety of the given topics can be connected to, and have staggering likenesses to each other, the subjects which most jut in these works, are achievement, and aspiration. The desire angles in both of the books look somewhat like each other. In the two cases, the sort of aspiration represented among the characters is appeared in a hands-on way. In the two books, new innovation is developed, and better approaches for succeeding are licensed for use to have an edge over the opposition. Due to the character's driven drive, they will make progress. In Hunt for Red October, aspiration has an enormous and significant impact of the plot of the novel. Essentially, the whole plot of the novel rotates around the new innovation developed so as to increase an edge over the opposition. The new innovation developed was a "Silent drive system..." (Clancey, 58) which "...Virtually dispense with cavitation sounds" (Clancey, 59). The framework was designed and created by a soviet submarine chief named Marco Ramius. He manufactured the framework for use in his arrangement to abscond to America, from Russia (to carry your sub from Russia to America so the Americans could utilize the innovation). The impetus framework was utilized to kill the sound of the submarine's engines and motors, in order to not be distinguished by different radars. Along these lines, nobody would make sense of his arrangements to abandon. Because of Ramius' yearning drive and difficult work, he rolled out an improvement in innovation, which would assist him with accomplishing his objectives in the novel, and consistently be out in front of the opposition. In Fatal Terrain, There was likewise the part of new innovation being concocted, so as to remain one stride on the ball. The plot, this time, doesn't totally spin around the new innovation being produced, however it has an enormous influence in the start of the book, and brings directly all the way to the finish. In the novel, two men, named Patrick McLanahan, and Jon Masters are both enough engaged with fighting and the Army and Navy. Together, they have made another plane.

Why Are Systematic Reviews Important Health And Social Care Essay

A methodical reappraisal is â€Å" [ a ] reappraisal of a plainly detailed request that utilizes efficient and communicated strategies to put, pick, and basically measure important research, and to move up and examine informations from the surveies that are remembered for the reappraisal. Measurable techniques ( meta-examination ) may or may non be utilized to break down and sum up the results of the included surveies † ( Greens and A ; Higgins, 2005 ) . SRs are professed to be the best start of grounds in clinical example and dynamic ( Cook et al, 1997 ) . They give whole ups of grounds from a bunch of essential surveies which center around similar requests ( Cook et al, 1997, Sanchez-Meca and A ; Botello, 2010 ) by solidly pull offing and consolidating great huge total of bing data ( Mulrow, 1994 ) . A diagram of accessible logical grounds which tends to a particular activity brand cut eating up methodology of perusing single surveies unneeded and in this way, help wellbeing consideration experts spare their loved clasp ( Sanchez-Meca and A ; Botello, 2010 ) . By summing up results of included research surveies into an individual articulation, SRs give more noteworthy favorable position to clinicians in estimating grounds ( Stevens, 2001 ) . Moreover, SRs settle contrary qualities of surveies that talk about a similar activity however yield befuddling and clashing outcomes ( Stevens, 2001, Sanchez-Meca and A ; Botello, 2010 ) . Also, SRs set up generalisability by estimating whether clinical discoveries are predictable across populaces and scenes or change fitting to curious subsets ( Mulrow, 1994, Stevens, 2001 ) . SRs have gotten continuously basic to a wide extent of partners ( Moher et al, 2007 ) , exceptionally wellbeing consideration providers, look into laborers and assurance shapers ( Mulrow, 1994 ) . Wellbeing consideration providers especially clinicians read SRs to keep up side by side with their strong point ( Swingler et al, 2003, Moher et Al, 2007 ) and to remain taught in more extensive features of clinical claim to fame ( Mulrow, 1994 ) . Wellbeing approach shapers and clinical rule designers use SRs as get bringing down point in explaining clinical rules and resolution laws ( Mulrow, 1994, Moher et Al, 2007 ) . Concerning some clinical journals, SRs are significant as they fill in as essential grounds base instruments to warrant the interest to continue more remote research ( Young and A ; Houltan, 2005 ) .2.2 Overall inclusion nature of SRsOver the previous barely any decennaries, SRs are being distributed yearly in logically enormous Numberss ( Shea et al, 2002 ) . An overview led by Moher et Al ( 2007 ) demonstrated that there are around 2500 SRs filed yearly on Medline. In any case, there is moderately little bing informations on the inclusion nature of SRs notwithstanding figure of SRs distributed is enormous ( Shea et al, 2002 ) . A few prior surveies presumed that nature of inclusion of SRs was overall hapless ( Sacks et Al, 1987. Mulrow et Al, 1987, Silagy, 1993, Mc. Alister et Al, 1999 ) . Sacks et Al ( 1987 ) assessed the inclusion nature of 86 meta-investigations of investigations of randomized controlled tests distributed in English semantic correspondence by thinking about 23 focuses covering six vital circles, for example â€Å" review structure, combinability, control of partiality, measurable examination, affectability investigation and utilization of results † . The outcomes of the review demonstrated that inclusion was overall hapless, where simply 24 of 86 meta-investigations ( 28 % ) tended to every one of the six circles and of the 23 focuses, somewhere in the range of 1 and 14 were agreeably announced ( normal = 7.7, standard uniqueness = 2.7 ) ( Sacks et Al, 1987 ) . Another previous rating of SRs by Mulrow et Al ( 1987 ) inspected 50 reappraisals distributed between June 1985 and June 1986 out of 4 significant clinical journals and found that no individual reappraisal fulfilled each of the eight express guidelines of which the examination depended on, for example â€Å" reason, informations assignment, informations decision, cogency evaluation, quantitative blend, quality union, drumhead and future orders † ( Mulrow et al, 1987 ) . An update of this study influencing 158 reappraisals distributed in six general clinical journals in 1996 noted little improvement with simply 2 reappraisals satisfied each of the 10 methodological guidelines and the normal figure of gauges satisfied was one ( Mc. Alister et Al, 1999 ) . Silagy ( 1993 ) assessed 28 reappraisals covering an expansive extent of fit nations which were distributed in seven boss essential consideration journals in 1991 dependent on eight measures. The outcomes of the overview indicated that simply one-fourth of the reappraisals scored 8 brings up of 16 focuses ( 2 focuses distributed for each unmistakably revealed norm, 1 point for each non obviously announced norm and 0 point for unreported standard ) ( Silagy et al, 1993 ) . All the more late, an overview by Jadad et Al ( 1998 ) reasoned that Cochrane reappraisals have unrivaled â€Å" methodological harshness † and are more all the time refreshed contrasted and SRs or meta-investigations distributed in paper-based journals. Oslen et Al ( 2001 ) surveyed the nature of Cochrane reappraisals and noticed that as a rule, there were no occupations or just fiddling employments found in the vast majority of the reappraisals. They considered 53 reappraisals distributed in issue 4 of the Cochrane Library in 1998 and secured that significant positions were distinguished in 15 reappraisals ( 29 % ) , which relate to the choice non to the full bolstered by the grounds in 9 reappraisals ( 17 % ) , inconsistent inclusion in 12 reappraisals ( 23 % ) and â€Å" expressive employments † were perceived in 12 reappraisals ( 23 % ) ( Oslen et al, 2001 ) . Moher et Al ( 2007 ) analyzed the study of disease transmission and depicting highlights of 300 SRs listed in Medline during November 2004 and found that incredible contrasts exist between Cochrane reappraisals and non-Cochrane reappraisals in the inclusion nature of a few highlights. Fundamental aspects of SR methodological investigation were non announced in numerous non-Cochrane reappraisals, for case, just 11 % of the reappraisals referenced working from a convention in the system of completing the reappraisal. In addition, informations acquired from the review recommended that the nature of inclusion is inconsistent.2.3 SRs on home grown clinical strengths for mental and conduct upsets2.3.1 St John ‘s wort ( Hypericum perforatum ) for depressionHypericum mixtures have been considered and remembered for clinical tests since the 1980s ( Linde et al, 2009 ) . A few precise reappraisals distributed from 1995 to 2008 inferred that Hypericum implantations are progressively adequ ate contrasted with fake treatment and tantamount with ( in like manner solid as ) model antidepressants in taking care of burdensome surprises ( Linde et al, 1996, Kim et Al, 1999, Gaster and A ; Holroyd, 2000, Williams et Al, 2000, Whiskey et Al, 2001, Linde et Al, 2005, Clement et Al, 2006, Linde et Al, 2008 ) . Nonetheless, a portion of the tests remembered for a couple of reappraisals ( Linde et al, 1996, Kim et Al, 1999, Gaster and A ; Holroyd, 2000, Williams et Al, 2000 ) were being reprimanded on the grounds that they fused patients with extremely few or potentially mellow manifestations who did non run into the incorporation measures of significant sorrow, were done by essential consideration specialists who were insufficiency of involvement with sadness investigate, as well as utilized low dosages of comparator drugs ( Shelton et al, 2001 ) . Linde et Al ( 2005 ) directed an update of previously finished reappraisal ( Linde et al, 1996 ) by including a few new very much planned fake treatment controlled tests where negative discoveries were found in a portion of the tests ( Shelton et al, 2001 ) . The outcomes acquired exasperated new contentions on the usefulness of Hypericum mixtures for mediation of discouragement and the examinations indicated that impacts of Hypericum imbuements over fake treatment were less articulated in surveies confined to patients with significant despondency ( Linde et al, 2005 ) . So as to downplay clinical heterogeneousness each piece great as to reveal the way that pretty much all new excellent trial of Hypericum imbuements are limited to patients with significant misery, another update of reappraisal ( Linde et al, 2008 ) was led by including a few new very much structured tests confined to patients with significant sorrow. 29 tests were remembered for the review. In nine bigger tests and n ine littler tests influencing contrasting of hypericum mixture and fake treatment, the consolidated reaction rate proportion ( RR ) got was 1.28 ( 95 % confirmation interim ( CI ) , 1.10-1.49 ) and 1.87 ( 95 % CI, 1.22-2.87 ) severally. Concerning contrasting and standard antidepressants, RRs were 1.02 ( 95 % CI, 0.90-1.15 ; 5 tests ) for tri-or tetracyclic antidepressants and 1.00 ( 95 % CI, 0.90-1.11 ; 12 tests ) for particular 5-hydroxytryptamines reuptake inhibitors ( SSRIs ) . Consequently, it tends to be inferred that Hypericum implantations tried in the included test are more efficacious than fake treatment and are similarly adequate as standard antidepressants in patients with significant melancholy ( Linde et al, 2008 ) .2.3.2 AnxietyThere are SRs on three home grown clinical claims to fame, for example kava implantation, valerian and Passiflora for tension ( Pittler and A ; Ernst, 2003, Miyasaka et Al, 2006, Miyasaka et Al, 2007 ) . Just overview directed by Pittler and A ; Ernst ( 2003 ) found that kava mixture is more efficacious than fake treatment in demonstrative intercession of nervousness regardless of the size of the result is close to nothing. Finding of SR conveyed by Miyasaka et Al ( 2006 ) contrasting the effectivity of valerian and fake treatment and Valium for nervousness indicated that there is no significant contrasts among valerian and fake treatment and among valerian and Valium in Hamilton Anxiety ( HAM-A ) whole tonss. Also, an unequivocal choice couldn't be drawn as there was just an individual little study with 36 patients accessible ( Miyasaka et al, 2006 ) . Miyasaka et Al ( 2007 ) directed a SR by including 2 surveies to look at the effectivity of Passiflora wi

Theories and Terminology of Personality Psychology

Theories and Terminology of Personality Psychology Student Resources Study Guides and Tips Print Theories and Terminology of Personality Psychology By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on July 19, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on November 25, 2019 More in Student Resources Study Guides and Tips APA Style and Writing Careers In This Article Table of Contents Expand Defining Personality Characteristics Research Models Terminology Major Theories Famous Psychologists View All Back To Top What exactly is personality? Where does it come from? Does it change as we grow older? These are the sorts of questions that have long held the fascination of psychologists and which have inspired a number of different theories of personality.   Defining Personality While personality is something that we talk about all the time (He has such a great personality! or  Her personality is perfect for this job!), you might be surprised to learn that psychologists do not necessarily agree on a single definition of what exactly constitutes personality. Personality is broadly described as the characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that make a person unique. In plain English, it is what makes you you.?? Researchers have found while some external factors can influence how certain traits are expressed, personality originates within the individual.?? While a few aspects of personality may change as we grow older, personality also tends to remain fairly consistent throughout life. Because personality plays such an important role in human behavior, an entire branch of psychology is devoted to the study of this fascinating topic. Personality psychologists are interested in the unique characteristics of individuals, as well as similarities among groups of people. 10 Fascinating Facts About Personality Characteristics of Personality In order to understand the psychology of personality, it is important to learn some of the key characteristics of how personality works. Personality is organized and consistent.?? We tend to express certain aspects of our personality in different situations and our responses are generally stable.  Although personality is generally stable, it can be influenced by the environment.??  For example, while your personality might lead you to be shy in social situations, an emergency might lead you to take on a more outspoken and take-charge approach.Personality causes behaviors to happen. You react to the people and objects in your environment based on your personality.?? From your personal preferences to your choice of a career, every aspect of your life is affected by your personality. How Personality Impacts Physical and Mental Health Research Models Now that you know a bit more about the basics of personality, its time to take a closer look at how scientists actually study human personality. There are different techniques that are used in the study of personality. Each technique has its own strengths and weaknesses. Experimental methods are those in which the researcher controls and manipulates the variables of interests and takes measures of the results. This is the most scientific form of research, but experimental research can be difficult when studying aspects of personality such as motivations, emotions, and drives. These ideas are internal, abstract, and can be  difficult to measure. The experimental method allows researchers to look at cause-and-effect relationships between different variables of interest.Case studies and self-report methods involve the in-depth analysis of an individual as well as information provided by the individual. Case studies rely heavily on the interpretations of the observer, while self-report methods depend on the memory of the individual of interest. Because of this, these methods tend to be highly subjective and it is difficult to generalize the findings to a larger population.Clinical research relies upon information gathered from clinical patients over the course of treatment. Many personality theories are based on this type of research, but because the research subjects are unique and exhibit abnormal behavior, this research tends to be highly subjective and difficult to generalize. Important Terminology Classical Conditioning Classical conditioning is a behavioral training technique which begins with a naturally occurring stimulus eliciting an automatic response.  Then, a previously neutral stimulus is paired with the naturally occurring stimulus. Eventually, the previously neutral stimulus comes to evoke the response without the presence of the naturally occurring stimulus. The two elements are then known as the  conditioned stimulus  and the  conditioned response. Operant Conditioning Operant conditioning is a behavior training technique in which reinforcements or punishments are used to influence behavior. An association is made between a behavior and a consequence for that behavior. Unconscious In Freud’s psychoanalytic theory of personality, the unconscious mind is a reservoir of feelings, thoughts, urges, and memories that are outside of our conscious awareness.?? Most of the contents of the unconscious are unacceptable or unpleasant, such as feelings of pain, anxiety, or conflict. According to Freud, the unconscious mind continues to influence our behavior and experiences, even though we are unaware of these underlying influences. Id According to Freud’s psychoanalytic theory of personality, the id is the personality component made up of unconscious psychic energy that works to satisfy basic urges, needs, and desires.?? The id operates based on  the pleasure principle, which demands immediate gratification of needs. Ego According to Freud, the ego is the largely unconscious part of the personality that mediates the demands of the id, the superego, and reality.?? The ego prevents us from acting on our basic urges (created by the id) but also works to achieve a balance with our moral and idealistic standards (created by the superego). Superego The superego is the component of personality composed of our internalized ideals that we have acquired from our parents and from society. The superego works to suppress the urges of the id and tries to make the ego behave morally, rather than realistically.?? Major Theories Personality psychology is the focus of some of the best-known psychology theories by a number of famous thinkers including Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson. Some of these theories attempt to tackle a specific area of personality while others attempt to explain personality much more broadly. Biological Theories Biological approaches suggest that genetics are responsible for personality. In the classic nature versus nurture debate, the biological theories of personality side with nature. Research on  heritability suggests that there is a link between genetics and personality traits.?? Twin studies are often used to investigate which traits might be linked to genetics versus those that might be linked to environmental variables. For example, researchers might look at differences and similarities in the personalities of twins reared together versus those who are raised apart. One of the best known biological theorists was  Hans Eysenck, who linked aspects of personality to biological processes. Eysenck argued that personality is influenced by the stress hormone cortisol. According to his theory,  introverts  have high cortical arousal and avoid stimulation, while  extroverts  had low cortical arousal and crave stimulation.?? Behavioral Theories Behavioral theorists include  B. F. Skinner  and  John B. Watson. Behavioral theories suggest that personality is a result of interaction between the individual and the environment. Behavioral theorists study observable and measurable behaviors, rejecting theories that take internal thoughts, moods, and feelings play a part as these cannot be measured. According to behavioral theorists, conditioning  (predictable behavioral responses) occurs through interactions with our environment which ultimately shape our personalities. Psychodynamic Theories Psychodynamic theories of personality are heavily influenced by the work of  Sigmund Freud  and emphasize the influence of the unconscious mind and childhood experiences on personality. Psychodynamic theories include Sigmund Freuds  psychosexual stage theory  and Erik Eriksons  stages of psychosocial development. Freud believed the three components of personality were the  id, ego, and superego. The id is responsible for needs and urges, while the superego regulates ideals and morals. The ego, in turns, moderates the demands of the id, superego, and reality. Freud suggested that children progress through a series of stages in which the ids energy is focused on different erogenous zones. Erikson also believed that personality progressed through a series of stages, with certain conflicts arising at each stage. Success in any stage depends on successfully overcoming these conflicts. Humanist Theories Humanist theories emphasize the importance of free will and individual experience in the development of personality. Humanist theorists include  Carl Rogers  and  Abraham Maslow. Humanist theorists promote the concept of self-actualization, which is the innate need for personal growth and the ways that personal growth motivates behavior. Trait Theories The  trait theory  approach is one of the most prominent areas within personality psychology. According to these theories, personality is made up of a number of broad traits. A trait is a relatively stable characteristic that causes an individual to behave in certain ways. It is essentially the psychological blueprint that informs behavioral patterns. Some of the best-known trait theories include Eysencks three-dimension theory and the  five-factor theory  of personality. Eysenck utilized personality questionnaires to collect data from participants and then employed a statistical technique known as factor analysis to analyze the results. Eysenck concluded that there were three major dimensions of personality: extroversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism. Eysenck believed that these dimensions then combine in different ways to form an individuals unique personality. Later, Eysenck added the third dimension known as psychoticism, which related to things such as aggression, empathy, and sociability. Later researchers suggested that there are five broad dimensions that make up a persons personalities, often referred to as the Big 5 theory of personality. The Big 5 theory suggests that all personalities can be characterized by five major personality dimensions: openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism, collectively referred to by the acronym OCEAN. Famous Figures in Psychology Some of the most famous figures in the history of psychology left a lasting mark on the field of personality. In order to better understand the different theories of personality, it can be helpful to learn more about the lives, theories, and contributions to the psychology of these eminent psychologists. Sigmund Freud Sigmund Freud  (1856-1939) was the founder of psychoanalytic theory. His theories emphasized the importance of the unconscious mind, childhood experiences, dreams, and symbolism. His theory of  psychosexual development  suggested that children progress through a series of stages during which libidinal energy is focused on different regions of the body. His ideas are what as known as  grand theories  because they seek to explain virtually every aspect of human behavior. Some of Freuds ideas are considered outdated by modern psychologists, but he had a major influence on the course of psychology and some concepts, such as the usefulness of talk therapy and the importance of the unconscious, are enduring. Erik Erikson Erik Erikson  (1902-1994) was an ego psychologist trained by  Anna Freud. His  theory of psychosocial stages  describes how personality develops throughout the lifespan. Like Freud, some aspects of Eriksons theory are considered outdated by contemporary researchers, but his eight-stage theory of development remains popular and influential. B. F. Skinner B. F. Skinner  (1904-1990) was a behaviorist best known for his research on  operant conditioning  and the discovery of  schedules of reinforcement. Schedules of reinforcement influence how quickly a behavior is acquired and the strength of a response. The schedules described by Skinner are fixed-ratio schedules, fixed-variable schedules, variable-ratio schedules, and variable-interval schedules. Sandra Bem Sandra Bem (1944-2014)  had an important influence in psychology and on our understanding of sex roles, gender, and sexuality. She developed her gender schema theory to explain how society and culture transmit ideas about sex and gender. Gender schemas, Bem suggested, were formed by things such as parenting, school, mass media, and other cultural influences.   Abraham Maslow Abraham Maslow  (1908-1970) was a humanist psychologist who developed the well-known  hierarchy of needs. The hierarchy includes physiological needs, safety and security needs, love and affection needs, self-esteem needs, and self-actualizing needs. Carl Rogers Carl Rogers  (1902-1987) was a humanist psychologist who believed that all people have an  actualizing tendency  - a drive to fulfill the individual potential that motivates behavior. Rogers called healthy individuals  fully-functioning, describing these individuals as those who are open to experience, live in the moment, trust their own judgment, feel free and are creative. A Word From Verywell Personality makes us who we are, so it is no wonder why it has been the source of such fascination in both science and in daily life. The various theories of personality that have been proposed by different psychologists have helped us gain a deeper and richer understanding of what makes each person unique. By learning more about these theories, you can better understand how researchers have come to know the psychology of personality as well as consider questions that future research might explore. How to Recognize a Personality Disorder

Dissatisfaction With Too Hot Coffee Served In the Restaurant Essaypilot

I hope you are faring well and maintaining the enthusiastic business-oriented mind and resilience towards the maintenance of the restaurants vision and key objective goals. I would like to express concern over the issue above in your restaurant sincerely. I have been a close customer of MacDonalds restaurant for quite long now, but during these years, I have observed a service that dissatisfies me. The restaurant serves too hot tea that is dangerous and deleterious to the body system. Recently when I was in a rush, I bought a takeaway coffee well placed in a coffee can. When I was on my way out from the restaurant, I experienced an accidental slip that made me fall. Unfortunately, the coffee spilled on me, and my skin got a serious burn, most notably a third-degree burn. I have spent quite some time in the hospital trying to recover. Nevertheless, there are many cases that have also been expressed concerning the dissatisfaction coming from serving too hot coffee in the restaurant. It is realized that the coffee served in your restaurant is heated to a far much higher temperature above the normal temperature range that an ordinary coffee would be subjected to. In as much as the customer grip is still viable, the trend of the deleterious effects of the coffee served will drive them away. As an esteemed and concerned customer, I feel like the heating temperatures of the coffee in the restaurant be reduced to a considerable range to accommodate the myriad age gaps. Additionally, proper coffee tins should be embraced with tough, tight lids for proper handling of the takeaway drinks. Lastly, I make a humble request to you to continuously check in the suggestion boxes to gauge the general feeling of other customers. I am looking forward to witnessing a positive reaction from you concerning this matter.

Significant Relationship Between Body Image Satisfaction...

The main purpose of this study was finding a Significant Relationship between Body Image satisfaction and Body Image Coping Strategies whit psychological symptomatology in Invasive and Minimally Invasive cosmetic Clients. The results showed that Interaction of Appearance and Social Function and high appearance dissatisfaction strong predictors of higher levels of anxiety, depression and interpersonal sensitivity. Avoidance is significantly predictors of higher levels of interpersonal sensitivity and, This means that people who are concerned about the impact of their appearance in relation to others and experience Anxiety symptoms, more likely use avoidance coping strategy to avoid being exposed to social communication with others and also†¦show more content†¦depression is significantly associated with high body image dissatisfaction, high use of avoidance body image coping strategies and less use of positive rational acceptance coping strategy. This means that people who have negative thoughts and feelings about their appearance, less likely experience depression if they use positive rational acceptance coping strategy to regulate negative. In comparison, those who have negative thoughts a nd feelings about their appearance, more likely experience depression, if do not desire to use of positive rational acceptance coping strategies. Greater investing on body image in those who get the big part of their confidence from their body image can lead to lack of consent and with high probability, they choose cosmetic treatments. By contrast, this would be seen less in those who invest minimally and do not have body image dissatisfaction.4 So, the lack of physical satisfaction as motivational catalyst causes seeking medical treatments.25 People who have high psychological investment on their appearance and the more they form appearance schema, they are more likely to experience body image dissatisfaction. For people who have high body image dissatisfaction, tend to do aesthetic surgery as a coping strategy in order to reduce unwanted and intrusive thoughts.20 In addition, some researches suggest that after the operation, recovery can be seen in the body image dissatisfaction. 13,14,15Show MoreRelatedBlack American Youth And Racial Identity2929 Words   |  12 Pagesand behavior. Young Black Americans often battle racial discrimination which can heavily influence how they perceive themselves as individuals and as members of their own racial group. From the articles that I have read, it appears that the most significant influences on racial identity of young Black Americans come from family, peers, school, and the media. Negative stereotypes projected on to young Black Americans from people outside of the Black commun ity, the media, family, and school can influenceRead MoreThe Self Objectification Theory Of Women4667 Words   |  19 PagesSelf-objectification Theory Objectification occurs when a person’s body is evaluated as a separate entity with a blatant disregard to the human who occupies it. When objectification occurs it dehumanizes the individual and turns them into an object that is to be used for someone else’s pleasure. Women in westernized cultures are particularly subject to this type of treatment and the detrimental effects it can cause (Harper Tiggemann, 2008). Often as a result, objectification is turned inwardRead MoreHealth History1765 Words   |  8 Pages(Richard Hogston and Penelope M.Simpson,2002) Most of the hospital and health care agencies have developed their own structured assessment tools. The following will be relatively compare by using Gordon’s Functional Health Patterns as framework between the assessment from health care setting is currently using about interview on an adult. Compare these two interviews in term of structure, comprehensiveness, and applicability. Structure Gordon’s functional health patterns, which are consistentRead MoreEffects Of Materialistic Values And Goals Essay7795 Words   |  32 Pagesconsumer goods (CITE). Opree et al. (2014) defines materialism as a connection between values, the purchase of goods, measuring one?s success by others what they and others own, and questions if this leads to happiness and personal satisfaction. Inglehart (Ahuvia Wong, 2002) believes that family and peers influence the predisposition to materialistic values over needs such as self-expression, belonging, artistic satisfaction, the quality of life, and the concern for material comfort and physical safetyRead MoreThe Power Of Positive Psychology : A Rich And Meaningful Life4243 Words   |  17 Pagesfocuses on human strengths and in the positive of human functioning. The power of positive psychology has impacted people’s lives. This new branch of psychology emphasizes the value of positive emotions, positive psychological traits, positive relationships, and positive institutions for preventing chronic illness and malaise. This new and emerging perspective not only alleviate suffering of individuals facing chronic illness and psychological disorders but also help them to find purpose and meaningRead MoreFemale Cancer Patients Negating Social Ideas of Beauty2662 Words   |  11 Pagestreatment are often visible, whic h sometimes lead to mental health problems or feelings of great dissatisfaction. Cancer is a disease in which abnormal cells divide uncontrollably and invade other tissues; the disease can spread to other parts of the body through the circulatory and lymph systems. There are more than 100 different types of known cancer, which can be grouped into broader categories such as: Carcinoma - this is the cancer that originates in the skin and tissues and progresses to coverRead MoreThemes Of Development : Prenatal6705 Words   |  27 Pagesand form the human being. Through this process, each parent contributes 23 chromosomes, which are present in every cell of our bodies, and are made up of DNA and genes (Broderick Blewitt, 2015). The genes that we inherit from our parents determine our physical features, such as hair and eye color, and height. Furthermore, the combination of various genes within the body at the time of conception may result in the individual carrying unexpected traits and illnesses (Broderick Blewitt, 2015). AdditionallyRead MoreP3 Explain specific health psychology issues Essay example3972 Words   |  16 Pagesbigger than what they are, this is called body distortion. An individual’s emotional symptoms will be that they will feel anxious and they will keep checking their weight on the scales and be fearful of putting on weight, also they will feel nervous, scared and have fear of fatness. An individual’s physical symptoms would be they would have amenorrhea, they will be emaciated, low blood pressure, general health diseases and they will have loss of body weight. Bulimia Nervosa is an eating disorderRead More Emotion Differentiation3711 Words   |  15 Pagesto maintain positive interpersonal relationships, and the ability to experience inner comfort (Gross Muà ±oz, 1995). Thus, Gross and Muà ±oz (1995) argue that emotion regulation is necessary for mental health and that it is an important factor in understanding psychopathology. Alexithymia and Emotion Differentiation Before emotions can be regulated, they must be identified. One’s own understanding of an emotional experience is key in determining which strategy will elicit the desired emotion thatRead MoreCase Conceptualization of Patient2586 Words   |  10 Pagestreated anxiety and depression, possibly exacerbated by caregiver stress - This is also supported by the fact that her memory lapses are limited to the classroom, where she admits to feeling some anxiety, and the chronological relationship of onset with her father’s difficulties - scored in the moderately depressed range on the BDI-II o mild feelings of guilt, feelings of being punished, agitation, indecisiveness, and irritability; o moderate feelings of sadness, pessimism, feelings

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Scope of Experimental Psychology - 2276 Words

SCOPE: Scope of a field refers to the future a particular career holds, how it is applied, its value and importance in the society. Scope varies with culture, geography, technological advancements and some other factors. All in all, scope can be briefly defined as the pulls and pushes related to a field. EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY: Experimental psychology is the most important branch of psychology. The credit for establishing psychology on a scientific basis goes to experimental method. This method is now being used more and more in psychological studies. SCOPE OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY: The scope of Experimental Psychology is widening with the invention of new tools and instruments for experiments. Therefore, it is in the fitness of†¦show more content†¦In 1965-66, the Department was able to purchase some text books and laboratory equipment and began to hum with Experimental and Testing activities. A new building for this Department was considered a must by the University because its activities had greatly expanded. The present building is the outcome of that great-felt need and was designed specially as Psychology Department. The Department moved in here in 1972 and started expanding in terms of Faculty members, Seminar Library, Laboratory Equipment and Psychological Tests etc. The Department presently offers specialization in Experimental Psychology and in other branches as well. The Department is also equipped with a laboratory for experimentation and also publishes a research journal Khyber Behavioral Studies[-4]. The progress of Experimental Psychology can be judged from the psychological Journals which are appearing since 1950. The Journal of Psychology renamed as the Psychology Quarterly from the Government College, Lahore began its publication from 1962 and an Urdu Journal called â€Å"Zehan† from the same College from 1978. The Department of Psychology of the University of Karachi is publishing the Pakistan Journal of Psychology from 1978. These Journals generally publish research articles. The Zehn is giving due attention to the Muslim Contributions to the Psychology, especially their psychotherapeutic techniques. A popular quarterly magazine inShow MoreRelatedSocial Psychology Definition Paper1122 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Psychology Definition Paper Sinthia Brye PSY/ 400 August 30, 2010 Joyce Willis Social Psychology Introduction Social psychology it observes as the influence of our situations with special attention on how we view and affect one another. Social psychology perceives the way we think, influence people, and relates to others. Social psychology lies at psychology’s boundary with sociology, which sociology is the study of people in groups and societies? Social psychology is allRead MoreThe Synthesis Of The Course Essay1398 Words   |  6 Pagesexcitement, and enjoyment of the subject, I can say that the study of research methods has positively impacted my inclination/view of experimental psychology. Non-experimental research methods and Inclination towards Experimental Psychology The study of non-experimental research methods (NERM) served to further strengthen my inclination towards Experimental Psychology. In this case, the variable that caused an increase in my preference/ inclination towards said field was the study of the NERM, whichRead MoreEssay about Discuss How Psychology Developed as a Scientific Discipline1127 Words   |  5 PagesDiscuss how psychology developed as a scientific discipline Prior to psychology being recognised as a scientific discipline in its own right, it was mainly a philosophical concept developed by theorists in areas such as animism and dualism. However, these philosophies were not based on objectivity unlike today’s psychology which maintains that for an investigation to be deemed scientific it must be based on the scientific method, which involves gathering empirical and measurable evidence. Read MoreA Look Into the World of Anorexia Essay932 Words   |  4 PagesYoungest Victims, (Fighting Anorexia- New Research Into Its Origins-and Its Youngest Victims, 2005, p. 1-3), briefly summarize the findings of various psychological research studies. In no way do these articles adequately provide details about experimental procedures or long-term research. To further understand and evaluate research, both articles would have needed to provide specific details such as; the manipulator, the independent variable, and the variable. More specific ally, the article CookieRead MoreThe Nature Of Psychology As A Discipline1714 Words   |  7 PagesIn the media we often encounter rather unfavourable portrayals of psychology, which characterize it as a â€Å"soft†, intuitive subject. It receives a lot of criticism for failing to precisely test and predict the examined phenomena. Psychology is falsely perceived by many as the pure study of the abstract, metaphysical â€Å"mind†. The ambiguity of the concept makes any scientific investigation of human behaviour questionable. However, this belief is a misconception. Although there are aspects of human behaviourRead MoreEducational Psychology : Vocabulary Terms1025 Words   |  5 PagesRegan Garey 1-18-16 Educational Psychology Vocabulary Terms 1 Action research- a process of different methods that are used to diagnose and solve issues that arise within schools or problems that teachers can face themselves. This process helps to improve or change the actions of those people involved. 2 Behavioral health- the range of mental and emotional well-being of a person. This would include how that person copes with normal, day-to-day activities to the challenges of life and everythingRead More Freud and Jung Essay1403 Words   |  6 Pagescan only speculate at what makes human beings act the way they do. Absolutes play no function in psychology. Everything is relative and open to conjecture. Theologians give us their visions or thoughts about life. In the field of psychology, there have been many different regions of interest and speculation. Psychoanalysis has been the pinnacle of arenas to examine within the vast field of psychology. Psychoanalysis has been an area that Carl Jung has explored, critiqued and perfected in his lifetimeRead MoreApplications for Psychology in Adult Learning1319 Words   |  6 PagesPsychology and adult learning are inherently linked given their focus upon the internal processes of the mind. The field of psychology has increasingly been applied to inform the adult education practice. Psychology is oftentimes incorporated into the foundation of the training that is received by adult educators in training. The field of psychology provides answers to questions that are common within adult education. These questions include â€Å"What motivates students to attend classes? ThroughRead MoreFoundations of Psychology Essay763 Words   |  4 PagesFoundations of Psychology According to science philosopher Thomas Kuhn, the ongoing development of scientific paradigms is responsible for scientific progress. A scientific paradigm has three basic characteristics: a series of assertions that provide a model of the object of study, a group of common metaphors that assist with comprehension of the object of study, and a methodology that is accepted by the scientific community to provide legitimate and valuable data when carried out correctly. WithinRead MorePsychology And Sociology And Psychology1612 Words   |  7 PagesWhen we think of society or people, and their behavior, psychology and sociology come to our mind. This is because they are academic fields that posses the same main idea, which is the study of the behavior. Although these two sciences have enormous differences, for those whom never had read anything about this topics it would seem the same. Despite bearing some superficial similarities, the differences between sociology and psychology are pronounced. Actually the main contrast between them is

Aging Workforce in Singapore - 2339 Words

Overview of Aging Population in Singapore Populations in many developed countries are ageing, and Singapore is no exception. The first batch of post-war baby boomers will reach 65 years of age by 2012. The number of seniors will increase from 8.4% in 2005 to 18.7% in 2030 (refer to Table 1). According to the 2010 Population Report, The proportion of residents (i.e. citizens and PRs) aged 65 and above increased from 7.0% of the resident population in 1999 to 8.8% in 2009. Correspondingly, the number of younger residents aged 15-64 for every resident aged 65 and above (i.e. the old-age support ratio) fell from 10.1 in 1999 to 8.3 in 2009 (refer to Table 2). (Singapore Department of Statistics, 2010, p. 4) Today, one out of every 12†¦show more content†¦Solutions It is time for employers to start responding to the potential consequences of the ageing workforce on their businesses. If not well-prepared, employers may find themselves suddenly faced with labour loss, experience and expertise that will be difficult to offset, given the relatively small pool of new employees. With many companies facing the same problem, competition for new talents is likely to surface. A) Hotels can have interviews to know which areas older employees would prefer to work in and the languages they can speak. With the information gathered, hotels will be able to know their strengths and weaknesses which help to determine where to allocate each individual. With the proper job assignment, hotels will be able to maintain a good image, by reassigning the older employees with language barriers to the backhouse such as room attendant. This allows them to be in their comfort zone and after getting used to their task, the productivity will be maximized in both the frontline and backhouse. B) In order to keep older employees engaged and motivated, it is vital for the HR department to maintain constant communication with the older employees and understand any problems, issues and concerns that they are encountering. By treating their employees like familyShow MoreRelatedAging Workforce in Singapore2328 Words   |  10 PagesOverview of Aging Population in Singapore Populations in many developed countries are ageing, and Singapore is no exception. The first batch of post-war baby boomers will reach 65 years of age by 2012. The number of seniors will increase from 8.4% in 2005 to 18.7% in 2030 (refer to Table 1). According to the 2010 Population Report, The proportion of residents (i.e. citizens and PRs) aged 65 and above increased from 7.0% of the resident population in 1999 to 8.8% in 2009. Correspondingly, theRead MoreSingapores Rapid Economic Development Essay1018 Words   |  5 PagesDEVELOPMENT 4.1 AGING POPULATION Local and foreign labour are deemed essential to Singapore’s workforce in order to sustain competitiveness in economic development. However long standing past policy implication and current policy taken by the Government to spur economic development, could be argued to affect the labour market and SMEs in the long run. The past and current policies that might inflicted negative impact to labour market and SMEs are elaborated as follow: 1) Curbing Singapore growing populationRead MoreThe Population Of Singapore Is A Multicultural Country Essay1164 Words   |  5 Pagespopulation of Singapore has been increasing year over year resulting in 5.54million at the end of June, 2015. Since it is a multicultural country, the population can be distinguished into two major types - residents and non-residents. The resident population was recorded as 3.9 million including 3.38 million of Singapore citizens and 0.53 million of permanent residents. Other than that, 1.63 million of non-residents also play an important of Singapore population. (Department of Statistics Singapore, 2015)Read MoreA Government Can Run Like a Corporation and Fulfill Stakeholder Expectations. Do You Agree? (Use Singapore as an Example.)1483 Words   |  6 Pagesstakeholder expectations. Do you agree? (Use Singapore as an example.) Modern day corporations have not just an obligation to its bottom line but they are accountable towards the stakeholders as well. The accountability is even greater in the context of a country as the purpose of the government is to serve these stakeholders, mainly its citizens who put them there through voting power and the businesses which generate economic wealth for the country. Singapore Incorporated is one of the many names givenRead MoreThe Aging Process Essay791 Words   |  4 Pageswere nothing more than dreams. We succeeded in landing on the moon and communicating over long distance, yet there are still some boundaries we have yet to cross despite our best effort. Aging is an inevitable process of nature. While we cannot stop the ticking clock in our body, we have made it possible for aging to be delayed and relieved to a great extent through advance technology and modern governance. High-tech equipments and medications are available for the treatments of more illnesses asRead MoreSingapore Economy Essay1662 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ECONOMICS ASSIGNMENT Singapore Economy (2004 to 2013) CONTENTS 1. Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.2 2. Production Output Performance Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 3. Labour Market Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..8 4. Price Level Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.10 5. Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.12 1. Introduction Singapore has a highly developed and free-market economy that thrives on an open and corruption-free environment. It is toutedRead MoreLabor Market in Singapore2318 Words   |  10 PagesIntroduction Since Singapore gained its independence in 1965, its economy had progressed due to globalization, rapid technological advances and the rise of China and India. 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That title has been achieved due to its market economy, â€Å"A highly developed, and one of the freest, most competitive, innovative and business friendly economy based on extended entrepà ´t trade, a profitable trading post that allows importing and exporting free of duties.† (Wikipedia) Worldwide, Singapore is one of the major commercial centers, third highest per capita incomeRead MoreThe Asian Tigers : Singapores Globalized And Diversified Economy1667 Words   |  7 PagesWorldwide, Singapore is one of the major commercial centers, third highest per capita income, fourth biggest in finance, and fifth among the busiest ports; yet, it has one of the highest income inequalities. Singapore’s trading and manufacturing represent 26% of its GDP. The Corruption Perception Index places Singapore along with New Zealand and the Scandinavian countries as one of the world’s least corrupt countries. Also, location, advanced infrastructure, low taxes, and skilled workforce are theRead MoreAsian Tigers Essay1057 Words   |  5 Pagesthe global economy has moved on from the Asian Tigers and the present and future of the global economy does in fact lie elsewhere, in particular India and China.   The Asian Tigers are a group of countries which are the first set of NIC s; Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong and South Korea. They underwent rapid development in the 1960 s by encouraging TNC s to invest by opening up manufacturing plants by offering cheap labour and less strict pollution laws. TNC s also had the advantage of low cost and

Disability and Individual Disabled Person Free Essays

* Explain the potential impact of disability on the outcomes and life chances of children and young people (CYP 3. 7 3. 1) The potential impact of disability on the outcomes and life chances of children and young people are that they get physical impairments and chronic medical conditions may compromise healthy development and disrupt their educational experiences. We will write a custom essay sample on Disability and Individual Disabled Person or any similar topic only for you Order Now Adper children’s all round development, move on further into the future to have financial difficulties and restricted opportunities and career paths. All of these outcomes can destabilize families and relationships causing stress and depression. * The importance of positive attitudes towards disability and specific requirements helps a person with additional needs to feel more valued and equal to every other child or young person, it also prevents isolation of a child. A positive attitude ensures inclusive and tting. It builds positive relationships so that everyone in the setting and in the world feels respected, safe and happy where they live, and spend their time. Explain the social and medical models of disability and the impact of each on practice (CYP3. 7 3. 3) The medical model promotes the view of a disabled person as dependent and needing to be cured or cared for, and it justifies the way in which disabled people have been systematically excluded from society. The disabled person is the problem, not society. Control resides firmly with professionals; choices for the individual are limited to the options provided and appro ved by the ‘helping’ expert. The medical model is sometimes known as the ‘individual model’ because it promotes the notion that it is the individual disabled person who must adapt to the way in which society is constructed and organised. By labelling a child because of their disability can prevent us from seeing the child as a whole person like their gender, culture and social background the medical models is a traditional view of disability and that through medical intervention the person can be cured where in fact in ost cases there is no cure. They expect disabled people to change to fit into society. * Explain the different types of support that are available for disabled children and young people and those with specific requirements (CYP3. 7 3. 4) Specialised services  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ in my setting we have a special educational needs coordinator and we use other services such as physio therapist, speech therapists, school nurse, social services we use these services in order to provide the right car e for the children in need. How to cite Disability and Individual Disabled Person, Essay examples

Tobacco Smoking and Legal Marijuana free essay sample

The Effects of Marijuana Smoke There are many reasons why marijuana is  not  worse for you than smoking cigarettes. You may have heard that â€Å"one joint is equal to ten cigarettes† but this is exaggerated and misleading. Marijuana does contain more tar than tobacco — but low tar cigarettes cause just as much cancer, so what is that supposed to mean? Scientists have hown that smoking any plant is bad for your lungs, because it increases the number of ‘lesions’ in your small airways. This usually does not threaten your life, but there is a chance it will lead to infections. Marijuana users who are worried about this can find less harmful ways of taking marijuana like eating or vaporizing. (Be careful – marijuana is safe to eat — but tobacco is not, you might overdose! )  Marijuana does not cause cancer  the way tobacco does, though. Here is a list of interesting facts about marijuana smoking and tobacco smoking: o Marijuana smokers generally don’t chain smoke, nd so they smoke less. (Marijuana is not physically addictive like tobacco. ) The more potent marijuana is, the less a smoker will use at a time. o Tobacco contains nicotine, and marijuana doesn’t. Nicotine may harden the arteries and may be responsible for much of the heart disease caused by tobacco. New research has found that it may also cause a lot of the cancer in tobacco smokers and people who live or work where tobacco is smoked. This is because it breaks down into a cancer causing chemical called `N Nitrosamine’ when it is burned (and maybe even while it is inside the body as well. o Marijuana contains THC. THC is a bronchial dilator, which means it works like a cough drop and opens up your lungs, which aids clearance of smoke and dirt. Nicotine does just the opposite; it makes your lungs bunch up and makes it harder to cough anything up. o There are benefits from marijuana (besides bronchial dilation) that you don’t get from tobacco. Mainly, marijuana makes you relax, which improves your health and well-being. o  Scientists do not really know what it is that causes malignant lung cancer in tobacco. Many think it may be a substance known as Lead 210. Of course, there are many other theories as to what does cause cancer, but if this is true, it is easy to see why  no case of lung cancer resulting from marijuana use alone has ever been documented, because tobacco contains much more of this substance than marijuana. o Marijuana laws make it harder to use marijuana without damaging your body. Water-pipes are illegal in many states. Filtered cigarettes, vaporizers, and inhalers have to be mass produced, which is hard to arrange `underground. ’ People don’t eat marijuana often because you need more to get as high that way, nd it isn’t cheap or easy to get (which is the reason why some people will stoop to smoking leaves. ) This may sound funny to you — but  the more legal marijuana gets, the safer it is. It is pretty obvious to users that marijuana prohibition laws are not â€Å"for their own good. † In addition to the above, legal marijuana would be clean and free from adulterants. Some people add other drugs to marijuana before they sell it. Some people spray room freshener on it or soak in in chemicals like formaldehyde! A lot of the marijuana is grown outdoors, where it may be sprayed with esticides or contaminated with dangerous fungi. If the government really cared about our health, they would form an agency which would make sure only quality marijuana was sold. This would be cheaper than keeping it illegal, and it would keep people from getting hurt and going to the emergency room. (source) FACT: Studies have shown that smoking marijuana does NOT increase your chance of getting cancer and may even lower it slightly! Of course, vaping or eating cannabis are still considered the sa fest methods of ingestion especially for daily consumers. Early on, when our research appeared as if there would be a negative impact on lung health, I was opposed to legalization because I thought it would lead to increased use and that would lead to increased health effects,† Tashkin says. â€Å"But at this point, I’d be in favor of legalization. Tobacco smoking causes far more harm. And in terms of an intoxicant, alcohol causes far more harm. UCLA’s Tashkin studied heavy marijuana smokers to determine whether the use led to increased risk of lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD. He hypothesized that there would be a definitive link between cancer and marijuana smoking, but the results proved otherwise. â€Å"What we found instead was no association and even a suggestion of some protective effect,† says Tashkin, whose research was the largest case-control study ever conducted. Listen to Tashkin’s full video  here UPDATE Source  A new study, published in this month’s  Journal of the American Medical Association, tested the lung function of over 5,000 young adults between 18 and 30. After 20 years of testing, researchers found some buzzworthy results:  regular marijuana smokers (defined by up to a joint a day for seven years) had no discernible impairment in lung activity from non-smokers. In fact, researchers were surprised to find marijuana smokers performed slightly better than both smokers and non-smokers on the lung performance test. Why? The most likely explanation seems to be that the act of inhaling marijuana—holding each puff in for as long as possible—is a lot like a pulmonary function test, giving marijuana smokers an edge over their igarette smoking counterparts. For most of human existence, cannabis has been considered a medicine. Queen Victoria used it to alleviate her menstrual cramps.

Harryhausen Essay Example For Students

Harryhausen Essay Ray Harryhausen is the greatest artist in stop-motion animation. With a career that spans 40 years of cinema, he became a by-word for innovation, excitement and entertainment in the world of special effects and film fantasy. Born 1920 in Los Angelas, Harryhausen from an early age was facinated with stop-motion animation due to seeing King Komg at the agee of thirteen. Ray Harryhausen was given an opertunity to persue a dream and learn from the greatest of animators, Willis OBrien. American Film magazine, (June 1981 p 49) I had a magnicficent two year period while working on Mighty Joe Young with Obie, covering the long perproduction and photography. He was so involved in production problems that I ended up animating about eighty-five percent og the picture. After ganing vital experience with Willis oBrien and having completed studies at the University of Southern California in painting, drama, sculpting, anatomy and photography. Ray Harryhausen produced a series of short films called Mother Goose Fairy Tales. Coming to the final phase of the series, Ray Harryhausen was approached by a young producer, Charles Schneer,and formed a productive patnership which lasted over thrity years. Ray Harryhausen and Charles Schneer went to work and produced a whole series during the science fiction boom of the 1950s. Titles included It Came from Beneath the Sea, Earth versus the Flying Saucers and in 1957, Twenty Million Miles to Earth. It was also in this period that Ray Harryhausen pioneered his new form of stop-motion animation Dynamation which then became a key feature consistant through out all of his work. Breaking away from the 1950s had Ray Harryhausen and Charles Schneer leaving science fiction behind and venture into the world of fantasy, fairy tale amd mythology.. in the decaide of 1950 to 1960, they both produced the highly acclaimed Seventh Voyage of Sinbad. This was also theyre first opportunity to use colour film. In 1963, Ray Harryhausen produced his most famous and successful film Jason and the Argonants. Quoted by Adrian Wootton interviewing Ray Harryhausen, (1)Jason and the Argonants is also regarded by Ray Harryhausen himself, as his most complete film, incorporating as it does much of his seamless and yet outstanding stop-motion animation in many memorable sequences. Ray Harryhausen finally brought the curtain down on his film career in 1982 with his and Charles Schneer greek mythological epic, Clash of the Titans. In 1991, at the sixty-fourth Academy awards, Ray Harryhausen received belatent recognition for his abilities and received the Gordon E.Sawyer Award for Technial Achievement. Since his retirement from active film-making in 1982, Ray Harryhausen has been rightly recognised for his achievements in stop-motion animation. This period has seen a recovery of his work as technically innovative, highly artist and very distintive in an aestheic visual style. Due to his deadication and ground-breaking talents Ray Harryhausen is seen as the godfather of the 1950s B-movies, and an icon to the next generation of film makers Joe Dante director of Gremlins (1984), Innerspace (1987), James Cameron producer of The Terminator/T2 and Titanic (1984) and Dennis Muren visual effects supervisor of Jurassic Park (1997), Terminator 2 (1997) and Star Wars (1977 1999). Qouted from an artical by Paul Mandell Harryhausen Animtes Annual Sci-Tech Awards, (2)His success could best by measured by those whose careers were directly inspired by him. Said stop-motion master Jim Danforth, Ray Harryhausen is more than a great animator. Hes a storyteller. Rays films affected an entire gereration of people, Dennis Muren, ASC affirmed. George Lucas and Steven Spielberg were directly inspired by his images. We all owe a lot to Ray. His importance and success in his difficult field kept me and the other going when we were younger. He was a great role model for all of us. More than a techician, hes an exceptional artist.Although the films in which Ray Harryhausen participated in, were seen largely as low-budget B-movies. In more recent years Rays achievement in the arts and his distingtive aestheic claims to his status of an auteur, are due to his particular approaches he innovated while creating his animations. His stylised approache can be seen in varied works lik e Eric Fogels Celebrity Death Match seires(1998) and Henry Selicks Nightmare Before Christmas(1993). Rays comprehenceive studies gave

Essay Scholarships - Apply For One Today!

Essay Scholarships - Apply For One Today!When you are considering how to apply for essay scholarships, your first task is to decide what type of scholarship you want. One essay scholarship that is popular with college students is the undergraduate essay contest. You can select a college essay contest and submit your application through this competition to apply for your own college essay contest.In the case of essay scholarships, the writer can receive one-half of the total amount awarded by submitting their winning essay. This may sound too good to be true, but it isn't. The essay contest winners are actually the student who writes the best essay and shares the most personal, surprising and illuminating facts about themselves. You need to be honest and sincere in your essays to be eligible for this scholarship.The essay contest is perfect for students who want to keep their scholarship and feel pressured to write the best essay they can. You must remember to be yourself while writin g the essay.When writing essays for essay scholarships, you must make a clear decision whether you want to use paragraph-based essay writing or not. If you choose paragraph-based essay writing, be sure to prepare for each paragraph on your essay as if you were writing an essay. Another important decision that you need to make is whether you would like to include an introduction or a conclusion.In choosing your essay, you need to focus on what sort of scholarship you want. These essay scholarships cover all sorts of subjects, such as chemistry, business, law, education, the arts, and other subjects. You may be wondering whether you will get a full ride scholarship to any of these colleges.The scholarship gives you a lot of leeway as to how much money you will receive, depending on how well you apply and what scholarship you get. It's best to search on the Internet for a good website that offers complete information on all the different types of essay scholarships.Writing a good essay is a big scholarship decision. You need to be prepared and honest. The worst thing you can do is lie, and there is no better way to protect yourself than to use online research to find out what the criteria are for the scholarship you are interested in applying for.

Marijuana as a Gateway Drug the Causal Fallacy Essay Example

Marijuana as a Gateway Drug: the Causal Fallacy Paper Marijuana as a Gateway Drug: The Causal Fallacy The marijuana plant, perhaps the most widely-used illicit drug in the world, was once demonized by authorities and the media. In the 1936 film Marijuana: Weed with Roots in Hell, director Dwain Esper portrayed teens smoking marijuana and then engaging in perceived evils such as nude bathing and unchaperoned partying, with one girl becoming pregnant. The film went on to further depict the characters becoming addicted to marijuana and committing serious crimes including a police shootout and kidnapping for ransom. These claims are based on the type of faulty casual analysis that has given rise to anti-marijuana myths that have endured over the years, but they are fortunately starting to abate. While the Western world has lightened up, some misconceptions persist, particularly those based on casual fallacy. An example of such a fallacy can be found in the argument that marijuana is a â€Å"gateway drug† which causes users to eventually progress to hard drugs, when that’s not actually the case. The correlation between marijuana and other illegal substances is not in dispute, nor is the chronology in that marijuana use typically precedes other drug use. We will write a custom essay sample on Marijuana as a Gateway Drug: the Causal Fallacy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Marijuana as a Gateway Drug: the Causal Fallacy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Marijuana as a Gateway Drug: the Causal Fallacy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Studies show that a hard drug users’ first experience with an illicit drug is likely to be marijuana, and that nearly every hard drug user has tried marijuana at least once. Furthermore, studies also show that marijuana users are more likely to try hard drugs than non-users. But correlation and chronology doesn’t imply causation, and it’s causation that is at the crux of the â€Å"gateway drug† argument. The reason marijuana use typically occurs before other illicit drug is because it’s readily available and accessible, especially for youth. Instead of having to venture to a store and provide photo ID as a young teens would with liquor and tobacco, they might be able to buy marijuana without having to leave school property or even their own home. Acquiring it may involve only placing a quick phone call to a drug dealer and having it delivered like a pizza. The primary reason for this is marijuana’s illegality. By outlawing marijuana it’s driven to the black market where there is no age restriction or code of ethics. Furthermore, a marijuana dealer may also introduce customers to their harder product lines, or at least connect them with someone who can. Dealers tend to be more cautious of selling harder drugs since the penalties, if caught, are much stiffer. Once trust is gained through the sale of marijuana, they might be more comfortable progressing to more serious transactions. Because of this, the first experience people may have to illicit drugs is likely to be marijuana, putting it in the position where it appears to cause other drug use simply because of chronological order. The lack of objective evidence showing a casual link between marijuana and hard drugs was discussed in the scientific literature as early as 1999. In the book Marijuana and Medicine: Assessing the Science Base, published by the US Institute of Medicine, researchers wrote that â€Å"because it is the most widely used illicit drug, marijuana is predictably the first illicit drug most people encounter† and that â€Å"not surprisingly, most users of other illicit drugs have used marijuana first† (Joy et al. 6). However, â€Å"there is no conclusive evidence that the drug effects of marijuana are causally linked to the subsequent abuse of other illicit drugs† (Joy et al. 6). Subsequent research has similarly been unable to establish casual links. While most hard drug users started with marijuana, and most hard drug users have used marijuana, it’s important to note that most marijuana users don’t actually use hard drugs. If marijuana caused hard drug use we would expect the rates of marijuana use to be consistent with the rates of hard drug use. The rate of marijuana use is nearly six-times higher than the five major types of hard drugs combined, according to Canadian government statistics. Health Canada’s 2010 â€Å"Canadian Alcohol and Drug Use Monitoring Surveyâ€Å" reported that 10. 7% of respondents 15 years of age or older admitted to using marijuana in the past year, while only 0. % used crack, 0. 5% used speed, 0. 7% used ecstasy, and 0. 7% used some type of illicit hallucinogen (excluding salvia). The total reported usage for these other drugs is 1. 8%, nearly one-sixth that of marijuana. Another factor is that marijuana users tend to be more prone to using hard drugs simply because they have t he personality traits conducive to substance abuse. These traits include the attitudes, feelings, responses, and behaviours that contribute to a person’s psychological makeup. In the 2002 article â€Å"Are Personality Traits Familial Risk Factors for Substance Use Disorders? researchers explain that â€Å"longitudinal studies have implicated personality characteristics as predisposing vulnerabilities for the subsequent development of substance-related disorders† (Swendsen et al. ). In this sense, marijuana and crack users have something in common; they are all willing to alter one’s mind to the chagrin of the law. Casual fallacies abound when we humans attempt to understand the world around us. It’s tempting to conclude that causation is established because there is a correlation or chronological order of events, but that’s not a logical approach. There are a multitude of factors to consider when establishing a causal link, and this is no exception. While marijuana is correlated with hard drugs, and marijuana use typically precedes hard drug use, it does not actually cause hard drug use. Like the other fallacies before it, the â€Å"gateway drug† fallacy is yet another marijuana myth that can hopefully be put to rest. Works Cited Canada. Health Canada. â€Å"Canadian Alcohol and Drug Use Monitoring Survey: 2010. † Ottawa: Health Canada, n. d. Web. 16 Nov. 2011. http://www. hc-sc. gc. a/hc-ps/drugs-drogues/stat/_2010/summary-sommaire-eng. php. Joy, Janet E. , et al. Marijuana and Medicine: Assessing the Science Base. Washington, DC: The National Academic Press. 1999. Print. Marihuana: Weed with Roots in Hell! Dir. Dwain Esper. Perf. Harley Wood, Hugh McArthur, Pat Carlyle, and Paul Ellis. Roadshow Attractions Inc. , 1936. Film. Swendsen, Joel D. , et al. â€Å"Are Personality Traits Familial Risk Factors for Subs tance Use Disorders? Results of a Controlled Family Study† The American Journal of Psychiatry 159. 10 (2002): 1760-1766. Web. 18 Nov. 2011.

The eNotes Blog Ten Cocktails for You, FromLiterature

Ten Cocktails for You, FromLiterature If youve ever hosted or been to a book club meeting, you know that you will discuss the book in question for approximately ten to fifteen minutes before the conversation turns to sex. Why not at least attempt to keep things on a literary bent (and bender) and try something besides chardonnay. Here are ten cocktails that characters were drinking in novels, links to their recipes, and some quotes to make you sound super smart, especially to that one snotty chick nobody likes but always brings good food so we keep our mouths shut. image via The Spruce Eats 1.   Gin Gimlet Philip Marlowe,  The Long Goodbye  by Raymond Chandler â€Å"You talk too damn much and too damn much of it is about you.† image via Taste 2.   Singapore Sling,   Hunter S. Thompson,  Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas  by Hunter S. Thompson â€Å"We cant stop here, this is bat country!† image via Villa Schweppes 3. White Angel, Holly Golightly,  Breakfast at Tiffanys  by Truman Capote â€Å"Would you reach in the drawer there and give me my purse. A girl doesnt read this sort of thing without her lipstick.† image via Nicole DiGiose 4. Jack Rose, Jake Barnes,  The Sun Also Rises  by Ernest Hemingway â€Å"How did you go bankrupt? Two ways. Gradually, then suddenly.† image via The Manuel 5.   Mint Julep, Daisy Buchanan,  The Great Gatsby  by F. Scott Fitzgerald   Sophisticated God, I’m sophisticated. image via The Spruce Eats 6. Gin Rickey, Jay Gatsby,  The Great Gatsby  by F. Scott Fitzgerald   Her voice is full of money. image via Genius Kitchen 7.   Sidecar,   Arthur Rushkin,  The Bonfire of the Vanities  by Tom Wolfe   â€Å"Bullshit reigns.† image via Epicurious 8.   Hot Toddy,   Brick Pollitt, Cat on a Hot Tin Roof   by Tennessee Williams   â€Å"What is the victory of a cat on a hot tin roof?- I wish I knew Just staying on it, I guess, as long as she can† image via Food52 9. Webster F. Street Layaway Plan, Doc, Cannery Row  by John Steinbeck â€Å"If a man ordered a beer milkshake hed better do it in a town where he wasnt known.† image via Genius Kitchen 10.   Alexander Cocktail, Anthony Blanche, Brideshead Revisited  by Evelyn Waugh â€Å"I should like to bury something precious in every place where Ive been happy and then, when Im old and ugly and miserable, I could come back and dig it up and remember.† (Feature Image via Sobur)

RYAN AIR THE LOW FAIR AIRLINES Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

RYAN AIR THE LOW FAIR AIRLINES - Case Study Example On the one hand, in August 2006, an Air Transport World magazine reported that Ryanair was the most profitable airline in the world, based on its operation and net profit margins, and on a per-airplane and per-passenger basis (Higgins 2007: 2). In November 2006, the company announced new record half-year bottom line of â‚ ¬329 million for the first half of fiscal 2007 (Higgins 2007: 2). Furthermore, traffic increased by 23 per cent to 22.1 million passengers, while yield jumped by 9 per cent as total revenues increased by 33 per cent to â‚ ¬1.256 billion (Higgins 2007: 2). In addition, even as fuel costs increased by 42 per cent to â‚ ¬337 million, Ryanair’s after-tax margin increased by 1 point to 26 per cent (Higgins 2007: 2). Ryanair expects high demand in the future, so it plans to expand routes and its fleet. On the other hand, Ryanair faces legal battles and acquisition challenges for its Irish rival, Aer Lingus (Higgins 2007: 1). Ryanair also faces stiff opposi tion for its union-busting policies and long working hours and low salary, although it claims the opposite (Higgins 2007: 6). There are, additionally, environmental challenges that threaten to impinge on Ryanair’s low-cost, no-frills business model. These environmental threats can increase operational costs. This paper analyses the case of Ryanair. It evaluates Ryanair’s strategy compared to competitors, by analysing its low-cost business model through the stakeholder approach analysis. It also determines the key internal and external issues of Ryanair. Furthermore, it evaluates O’Leary’s leadership using the transformational leadership framework. Finally, it examines the sustainability of Ryanair’s future strategies. 2. Evaluation of Ryanair’s strategy compared to competitors Ryanair’s business strategy compared to competitors will be analysed using the stakeholder approach. 2.1 Stakeholder approach The society, in general, is becomi ng more concerned of the role that business plays in managing stakeholder relations and responding to the environment. Many customers also prefer to deal with companies that actively reduce their ecological footprints (Rueda-Manzanares, Aragon-Correa, and Sharma 2008: 188). Similarly, shareholders, as well as financial and insurance companies, seek to lessen liabilities associated with environmental risks that come from corporate operations, such as pollution and harmful human health effects. The European Union has, in response, as well as the United Kingdom (UK) passed environmental regulations, sanctions, fines, penalties and legal costs for companies that are not operating in an environmentally responsible manner (Henriques and Sadorsky 1996 cited in Rueda-Manzanares et al. 2008: 188). These political institutions recognise that stakeholders clearly know their rights and responsibilities and are willing to generate partnerships and networks that can result to win-win situations. Companies that neglect crucial stakeholder relationships, however, may compromise competitiveness in the long-run, particularly now in a globalised world, where stakeholder interests matter (Rueda-Manzanares et al. 2008: 188). Stakeholder theory has rise amidst the public clamour for corporate governance and business ethics (Elms et al. 2010: 405). The theory can be rooted from the integration of business strategy and ethics and gained greater attention from management scholars for the past fifteen years (Damall, Henriques, and Sadorsky 2009 cited in

St. Mark's Gospel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

St. Mark's Gospel - Essay Example The Messianic secrets and the obtuseness of his disciples are the two main themes of the gospel. The use of parables by Jesus to hide his true identity and fulfill the distained prophesies are perhaps a bit intriguing and even his disciples fail to understand the true implications of his miracles. Traditionally, the Christian churches are of the belief that the gospel of St. Mark is an epitome of Gospel of Matthew and it is therefore placed after The Gospel of Matthews in most bibles. According to scholars, contrary to the beliefs of the Christian churches, Gospel of St. Mark, is indeed the first of the canonical gospels and is supposed to be the source of inspiration and material for the gospels of Matthew and Luke. One of the foremost contributions of St. Mark's Gospel towards the Church of England is 'providing a sense of direction'. Before the gospel, numerous people were running here are there without a leader in place. They worshipped numerous Gods and had differing faiths. This resulted in vast differences in culture and people were always at loggerheads with each other. What was lacking in England was a common religion which could work to uplift the society as a whole. Hence, the Gospel was indeed a binder in terms of following a common God-Lord Jesus Christ. Another serious contribution of this story is about food. In the story, Jesus often invites his disciples to nourish themselves and although we ignore it a common occurrence, the irony remains that nourishment was the only means of providing peace and solace to his disciples. When the topic revolves around food, the disciples panic stating that it would take eight months of wages to have a peaceful meal. Jesus resolves their problem at the end of the gospel, thereby telling them and the Church of England that a simple and secure life, which has adequate nourishment and rest, is perhaps the best and by far the most ignored of all. (Hooker, 2001) The moral of the story revolves around four main aspects. The first is the problems concerning the discipleship, problems concerning the Church of England, problems concerning personal hopes and problems concerning our personal fears. Another important message which the Gospel grants to the Church of England is the importance of being one with each other. In the gospel, the disciples are shown as an arrogant lot who refuse to share food with the other fellow beings that are being drawn to Jesus. Well, Jesus refuses to provide food only to the disciples and insists that the disciples will get nourishment only if they willfully share the food with their fellowmen. The Church of England, which was divided and patronized the rich while ridiculing the poor, learnt its lesson of equality through the Gospel Of St. Marks. The message is clear-God is equal to all and he has no favorites. It is interesting to note that when the disciples ask Jesus to send the villagers away to fetch their own food as it is getting dark, Jesus refuses and states that the food would be provided by the disciples themselves. He supports his theory by stating that it was he who provided them (disciples) food on a regular basis, hence, it was now their (disciples) turn to do the same. The message instills a feeling of equality and the fact that nourishment is equal and required by both the rich as well as the underprivileged. The lesson of

To Follow Or Not To Follow Jesus Christ Religion Essay

To Follow Or Not To Follow Jesus Christ Religion Essay To look beyond what we are today is to look past the shadows of what we have been, past the doubts of what we shall become and into the very truth of the One who was meant to show us the right way. For it is His work that guards our consciousness and it is His preaching that endeavors us to see the brighter side of the world. In order to understand the meaning of our existence, we need to open our souls back to the teachings and sayings of Jesus Christ, the Son of God. Jesus saved the humankind, as He was the one to revive God in our hearts. We are alive because He has been crucified for our sins. We have learned that He was praised by his followers, but constantly accused by the people of law-the Pharisees, who were blinded by the austerity of rules and did not believe that He is the Son of God. The 21st century has become the era of changing and development, but along with the changes, a lot of people seemed to forget the role of Jesus on the earth. Personally, if I am asked whether to follow Jesus nowadays, my answer would be definitely yes and I do not tend to be cynical or sarcastic about it. The Pharisees did not follow Jesus a long time ago because they were acting like hypocrites, pretending to preach the law and always use it against Jesus. I believe that following Jesus does not mean to chase after the rules. It means that I am being grateful for the life I get to share, for the people who care about me and all the wonderful moments, impo rtant events that will never fade away from my memory. Jesus said: Rejoice and be glad, because great is your reward in heaven, for in the same way they persecuted the prophets who were before you (Matthew 5:12). The words of Jesus enhance my worldview and I want to have confidence in my values, my integrity and the decisions I get to make. Before coming to Lithuania and being part of the Lcc Community, I lived in a world filled up pink butterflies and colorful flowers. At the moment when I decided to leave home and study at Lcc University, I knew my life would change and I was afraid to face that challenge. Being far away from home, living in a completely different environment from your own, I started to perceive things differently. There were times when I craved to stand up and scream, I felt weak and completely not myself, thinking that coming to Lithuania was a huge mistake and it wasnt the right place for me. I did not get along with people and I was convinced that it happened because they couldnt accept me the way I am. Later on though, I understood that my negative attitude was the reason of their behavior. I never paid attention on what people were saying, I was stubborn and didnt look for a compromise, thinking that letting go is the easiest way. Jesus teachings however are the complete opposite of my past judg ment. He says: He who seeks finds; and to him who knocks, the door will be opened (Matthew 7:8). In a way, without realizing it consciously, I was following Jesus because I decided to change that selfish and childish side of me and seek for the better one. His words made me comprehend that everything happens for a reason and even during the times when life seems useless there is always a chance for a new beginning. Jesus had the mission to bring peace, faith and joy in our life, Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened and I will give you rest. (Matthew 11:28) We are always worried that things might go wrong; troubled by fear and anguish that constantly hardens our souls. Usually when something dreadful happens, one would most probably say There is no way back. Its hopeless to go on and I keep asking myself why we become so weak? Though living in the era of determinism and self control, we cannot always find out what is right and what is wrong. The most important thing is to have faith and understand that some things are simply meant or not meant to be. I can make a lot of mistakes, but I dont want failure to lead me towards desperation or anger. I want to keep following Jesus in my heart and learn from his teachings. Life is a non-ending circle and sometimes is moving way too fast, but if we try to open ourselves to Jesus and listen to His sayings we will find out that there is peace and love around us. Jesus was tortured and humiliated, he died on the cross as a consequence of our sins. Although Jesus knew He would die, it didnt stop Him to show care, love and understanding to people, even to those who were responsible for his suffering. Until His last breath, as it is written in the Bible, Jesus was praying to God saying: Father, forgive them, for they do not now what they are doing (Luke 23:34). Jesus shows compassion and forgiveness to those who wished for His death and this is another thing that we learn from Him- the aptitude to forgive, as he says: Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you (Matthew 5:44). Jesus teaches us not to live with the weight of hate or torment, for it will cause us to suffer more. Life is a gift and each second spent on the Earth is blessing .I believe that Jesus can be our salvation when we are lost. He can rescue us, but we should find Him in our heart and unlock the door in which our fear is hidden. Life is beautiful and unique, but it comes with no guarantees and second chances. Thats why we should escape from that circle of frivolity and obscurity that keeps hunting us and do our best to change the world in a better way.

Impact of M-Commerce in Job Market

The advent of wireless and mobile technology has created both new opportunities and new challenges for the business community. In its present state, M-Commerce can be viewed as an extension of conventional, Internet-based E-Commerce, which adds a different mode of network and accommodates different end users’ characteristics. However, if the predictions stating that mobile and wireless computing will dominate the Internet industry in the future materialize, the E-Commerce and M-Commerce could become a singular blended entity. M-Commerce, as defined by Muller and Veerse, stands for conducting commercial transactions via a â€Å"mobile† telecommunications network using a communication, information, and payment (CIP) device such as a mobile phone or a palmtop unit. In a broader sense, M-Commerce can simply be defined as exchanging products, ideas and services between mobile users and providers. This paper will also give an overview of the characteristics of M-Commerce. We discuss the basic characteristics of M-Commerce that have the potential to influence the basic marketing orientation of both sellers and buyers, and, above all, alter the general dynamics of the market. There are many definitions of m-commerce with differing emphases. Keen and Mackintosh define m-commerce as the extension of electronic commerce from wired to wireless computers and telecommunications, and from fixed locations to anytime, anywhere, and anyone. when something is mobile it means that its primary usage environment is a mobile one. On the other hand, mobility in itself and mobile technology is not necessarily a value; the freedom created and supported with the technology is the key issue. Durlacher define m-commerce as â€Å"any transaction with a monetary value that is conducted via a mobile telecommunication network†. The focus in this definition lies on the exchange of products and services that is associated with a monetary value. They specifically list any kind of service that can be provided by the mobile device, thus expanding the mere commercial character through communicative and informative services. A mobile device is a small smart device. It can be a mobile phone, a communicator or a PDA. It communicates and transfers data (convenience). It is used only by its owner (personalization). It can provide information anytime, anywhere (ubiquity). Capturing the concept of mobility, a user can be contacted anywhere (reachability). A mobile device can provide users? locations (localization). Knowledge of users? precise geographical location allows customized, relevant content to be delivered to them when and where they need it. It can also be used to connect to the Internet (instant connectivity). Ubiquitous interactivity (figure 1) is what makes mobile devices unique. Wireless devices enable users to send, receive, and act on information in real-time, independent of their location. The western mobile and remote workforce is growing, driven by both business necessity and technological innovation. One explanation for increased work mobility is the emergence of service industry as a dominating occupation in the post-industrial society. Service work is often performed, where the customer is, and thus making many services mobile. It is not like manufacturing work; which takes place where the machinery is located. Another factor is the increased cooperation in and between organizations. Some forms of cooperation can take place remotely, but people still need to meet physically. A third important factor for increased mobility is the extensive adoption of mobile technologies. Mobile technologies enable people to be mobile and yet accessible. As people have become accessible independent of place, new ways of working have emerged in many organizations. To describe the mobile worker, new concepts have been coined. Mobile commerce may impact both mobile workers and their enterprises in the following dimensions. Location: The post-industrial workers work at various locations: in their office, at clients? office, at colleagues? office, in the train, hotel rooms, etc. We can thus imagine that during this extensive geographical movement, mobile workers are often away form the â€Å"benevolent dictator†, their desktop computers, which contain most of the information they need and impose rigid constraints on how and where they can be used. With m-commerce the user is put in the centre of information and communication. Information comes to the user instead of the user looking for it. This makes mobile workers able to receive actionable and useful information on demand at the moment of relevance and regardless of their location and extensive movement. Sales reps are examples of workers who are constantly on the road while their effectiveness depends to a large extent on their ability to have immediate access to account information, current prices, order status and market conditions. The importance of immediate access to information by salespeople is well recognized in the personnel selling literature. Salespeople? effectiveness can be enhanced by providing them with market research information and encouraging them to unitize information. With vast amount of relevant information about client’s orders, roduct’s profitability, promotions at their fingertips regardless of their locations, sales reps can adjust their call schedule to adequately target those customers with the highest potential at the right time. Additionally, receiving time-sensitive alerts about customers? latest orders, industry indicators and competitors? actions, may enable sales reps to tailor their sales messages to a specific customer, adapt to opportunities that arise during the sale call and overcome objections. Indeed, many empirical studies find a strong effect of adaptive selling on salesperson performance. Furthermore, M-commerce can enable mobile workers to use more efficiently their dead time. This time generally occurs between tasks and between meetings, in which workers usually have little control over the resources available to them. For instance, pharmaceutical sales reps often visit doctors to provide them with information on what is available as order brochures on products in which the doctor is interested. Frequently the doctor is not available and the representative wants to find a nearby alternative contact. If there is no alternative contact to visit, then the time for waiting for the doctor to become available may turn to be dead time for the sales representative. With m-commerce, the sales reps can turn this dead time into a productive one by performing non-selling tasks such as completing and sending expense reports to their company, preparing invoices or writing and sending thanks letters to customers. These reduce the time that sales reps have to spend in the office to perform routine tasks and thus allow them to spend more time selling. Indeed, McGraw Hill’s study of 239 salespeople across 198 different companies reveals that salespeople spend on the average about 25% of their time waiting for interviews with clients and travelling. Using dead time more efficiently may occur in a variety of locations (i. e. trains, airports, airplanes, hotels rooms, office buildings, etc). Additionally, mobile workers spend considerable portion of their time on the road, Awareness of their geographical position by the network can allow relevant support and alerts be sent to theme. Examples of such alerts are â€Å"there is a traffic jam two kilometers ahead, use the alternative highway†, â€Å"there is a restaurant offering 10% discount in avenue X â€Å", I have a breakdown, in nowhere, send me a tow truck†, †your client X is in the avenue ahead to you †. Interaction: Asynchronous communications enabled by emails has made co-workers interactions with others more flexible. However, asynchronous communication inevitably creates time lag. Until a receiver of an email actually goes to his computer and read the email, the communication does not come into effect in practice. Moreover, email communication requires a computer and software, which are mostly fixed to a certain location such as an office and home. M-commerce may enhance interaction among distributed workers and others by enabling them to have access to corporate resources, send and receive emails regardless of their location. For instance journalists on the move are often faced with situations in which they have to report events on topics on which they are not fully profound with. Also reporting is often conducted away from editorial staff and radio TV / station’s resources. In such a case M-commerce can provide support to journalists by enabling them, irrespective of their locations, to connect to their TV/Radio station’s intranet. The system can then provide them with the list of resources available on the topic they want to cover together with contact details of colleague who have expertise in such topics. The journalists can then either use the available resources to get an understanding of the topic or elect to contact their colleagues for more interaction. Additionally, ubiquitous access to e-mails and corporate data by mobile workers may enable them to make themselves readily available to address customer problems and questions. Reducing the time it takes to deal with a client’s concern or difficulty may have a positive impact on customer orientation, the degree to which the seller is perceived by the buyer to put customer’s need first. Indeed, customer orientation is a key enabler of buyer-seller relationship developments. Operations: we are witnessing the emergence of new forms of organization, in particular virtual Corporations. Virtual corporations could not exist without an effective information exchange and efficient coordination of the members. This applies also to other management initiatives such as project team or task force. But it is sometimes challenging for corporations to ensure fast coordination among co-workers while they are on the move even if they introduced Internet technologies such as email in their work practices. M-commerce can act as the â€Å"glue† among distributed members, by connecting them more tightly regardless of their locations. This may for instance make it possible for marketing managers to use real time data flowing from the field to evaluate the results of promotions and new product introductions more rapidly and communicate their reactions (i. e. promotions) to the field force. Manufacturing may also use real time field information to reduce overproduction and the incidence of stale products. Additionally, Top executives often need information on market and competitors issues before they make big decisions. Real time information flowing from the field would enable executives to make decisions based on accurate information, which may enhance the quality of their decisions. Indeed the best source for top executives with regard to both market and competition watch is the field force. Conclusion Thus we have discussed about M-Commerce and the challenges that they impose on workers while on the move. We have also explored how m-commerce with its unique attributes can provide mobile workers with more freedom and support through minimizing non-productive time, enhancing interaction with other members and improving the quality of decisions. It is worth mentioning that m-commerce may result in some consequences that workers may not welcome. Perhaps the most immediate drawback of extensive use of mobile technologies by workers is the problem of â€Å"interaction overload†. Anytime and anywhere connectivity may becomes everywhere/all-the-time connectivity; which may result in the danger of users becoming â€Å"too connected†. But in the other hand, access to information at the point of relevance may make it possible for mobile worker to work smarter and to minimize their unproductive time, which may enhance their life / work balance.